[2026] Valid ISO-IEC-42001-Lead-Auditor test answers & PECB ISO-IEC-42001-Lead-Auditor exam pdf [Q90-Q110]

NO.90 An AI system is being developed to assist elderly people in their daily activities. The system needs to be intuitive and align with the needs and values of its users. Which core element of AI should guide the design and development of this AI system?

NO.91 Which step involves reviewing documents and records relevant to the audit scope?

NO.92 Was the involvement of Ms. Rebecca Hayes, the internal auditor, necessary for the audit at ImoAI? Refer to scenario 9.
Scenario 9: ImoAl, headquartered in California. USA, provides Al solutions for various industries such as finance, healthcare, retail, and manufacturing. Its clients include major financial institutions seeking Al powered fraud detection systems, healthcare providers leveraging Al for diagnostics and patient care, retailers optimizing supply chain management with Al forecasting, and manufacturers enhancing production efficiency through Al-driven automation.
ImoAl has recently undergone a certification audit to ensure that its artificial intelligence management system AIMS is in compliance with ISO/IEC 42001. During the audit, a major nonconformity related to data security protocols was identified, requiring urgent resolution.
ImoAl swiftly initiated corrective actions to address the
major nonconformity. The audit follow-up, in agreement with the auditee, was scheduled six weeks after the initial audit. As part of exploring alternatives to audit follow-up, the audit team leader chose to verify the effectiveness of the actions taken by the auditee by scheduling a specific visit to ImoAI’s premises.
The follow-up audit involved a thorough evaluation of the effectiveness of these actions. The audit team leader thoroughly examined the corrections, corrective actions, and root cause analysis conducted by ImoAl to assess whether they adequately addressed the nonconformity identified during the initial audit.
In conjunction with the external audit follow-up, ImoAl engaged its internal auditing team to oversee the progress of corrective actions. The AIMS manager of ImoAl updated Ms. Rebecca Hayes, the internal auditor, on the status of corrections and corrective actions prompted by the nonconformity identified during the external audit. Subsequently, Ms. Hayes thoroughly reviewed these measures, analyzing the corrections, root causes, and effectiveness of the implemented actions.
Upon satisfactory validation of the action plans, ImoAl was recommended for certification.

NO.93 Based on Scenario 4, the audit team employed the same level of effort and techniques across all audit areas. Is this recommended?
Scenario 4: Finalogic leads the application of artificial intelligence in the financial services sector, which is used to improve risk assessment, fraud detection, and customer service. The company has implemented an artificial intelligence management system AIMS based on ISO/IEC 42001 to ensure operational quality, ethical Al use, regulatory compliance, and transparency, allowing for consistent oversight and structured governance.
This month, Finalogic is undergoing an audit to obtain certification against ISO/IEC 42001, a critical step in demonstrating its commitment to responsible Al. To evaluate Finalogic’s conformity to the audit criteria, the audit team adopted a comprehensive, evidence-based approach. The gathered evidence ranged from analyses of unquantifiable information to analyses of samples related to determining the audit criteria-including internal reports generated by Finalogic’s own Al system-which assert successful integration and compliance with the standard.
Additionally, presentations by the company’s Al team during the audit highlighted the system’s success in customer service enhancements and fraud detection, emphasizing improved efficiency, decision making accuracy, and user trust. An evaluation report prepared by an independent third party firm specializing in Al systems also provided an objective review of Finalogic’s AIMS. It assessed the system’s effectiveness, bias, and compliance through a thorough examination.
During the audit, the audit team applied the same level of effort and utilized the same techniques across all audit areas, regardless of their risk level. This strategy ensured a consistent and thorough evaluation of the AIMS, uncovering any latent weaknesses or inefficiencies that might otherwise go unnoticed.
Despite Finalogic’s advanced AIMS and adherence to ISO/IEC 42001 for ethical Al practices, there remains a risk of Al algorithms inadvertently perpetuating bias or making inaccurate predictions due to unforeseen flaws in training data or algorithmic models. This could lead to unfair loan rejections or approvals, potentially causing financial losses or damaging the company’s reputation for fairness and accuracy in its financial services. By acknowledging these risks. Finalogic remains committed to refining its Al governance, implementing bias mitigation strategies, and enhancing transparency to uphold its reputation as a leader in Al driven financial services.

NO.94 Question:
For which of the following activities are certification bodies responsible?

NO.95 Scenario 6:
Scenario 6: HappilyAI is a pioneering enterprise dedicated to developing and deploying artificial intelligence Al solutions tailored toenhance customer service experiences across various industries. The company offers innovative products like virtual assistants,predictive analytics tools, and personalized customer interaction platforms. As part of its commitment to operational excellence andinnovation, HappilyAI has implemented a robust Al management system AIMS to oversee its Al operations effectively. Currently.HappilyAI is undergoing a comprehensive audit process of its AIMS to evaluate its compliance with ISO/IEC 42001.
Under the leadership of Jess, the audit team began the audit process with meticulous planning and coordination, setting the groundworkfor the extensive on-site activities of the stage 1 audit. This initial phase was marked by a comprehensive documentation review. Theaudit scope encompassed a critical review of HappilyAI’s core departments, including Research and Development (R&D), CustomerService, and Data Security, aiming to assess the conformity of HappilyAI’s AIMS to the requirements of ISO/IEC 42001.
Afterward, Jess and the team conducted a formal opening meeting with HappilyAI to introduce the audit team and outline the auditactivities. The meeting set a collaborative tone for the subsequent phases, where the team engaged in information collection, executedaudit tests, identified findings, and prepared draft nonconformity reports while maintaining a strict quality review process.
In gathering evidence, the audit team employed a sampling method, which involved dividing the population into homogeneous groups toensure a comprehensive and representative data collection by drawing samples from each segment. Furthermore, the team employedobservation to deepen their understanding of the Al management processes. They verified the availability of essential documentation,including Al-related policies, and evaluated the communication channels established for reporting incidents.
Additionally, they scrutinized specific monitoring tools designed to track the performance of data acquisition processes, ensuring thesetools effectively identify and respond to errors or anomalies. However, a notable challenge emerged as the team encountered a lack ofaccess to documented information that describes how tasks about AIMS are executed. In addition to this, the team identified a potentialnonconformity within the Sales Department. They decided not to record this as a nonconformity in the audit report but onlycommunicated it to the HappilyAI’s representatives.
During the stage 2 audit, the certification body, in collaboration with HappilyAI, assigned the roles of technical experts within the auditteam. Recognized for their specialized knowledge and expertise in artificial intelligence and its applications, these technical experts aretasked with the thorough assessment of the AIMS framework to ensure its alignment with industry standards and best practices,focusing on areas such as data ethics, algorithmic transparency, and Al system security.
Question:
Which level of documented information could the audit team NOT access?

NO.96 Which phase involves the collection of objective evidence through interviews, observations, and examination of documents?

NO.97 Scenario 5: Aizoia, located in Washington, DC, has revolutionized data analytics, software development, and consulting by usingadvanced Al algorithms. Central to its success is an Al platform adept at deciphering complex datasets for enhanced insights. To ensure that its Al systems operate effectively and responsibly, Aizoia has established an artificial intelligence management system AIMS basedon ISO/IEC 42001 and is now undergoing a certification audit to verify the AIMS’s effectiveness and compliance with ISO/IEC 42001.
Robert, one of the certification body’s full-time employees with extensive experience in auditing, was appointed as the audit team leaderdespite not receiving an official offer for the role. Understanding the critical importance of assembling an audit team with diverse skills and knowledge, the certification body selected competent individuals to form the audit team. The certification body appointed a team ofseven members to conduct the audit after considering the specific conditions of the audit mission and the required competencies.
Initially, the certification body, in cooperation with Aizoia, defined the extent and boundaries of the audit, specifying the sites (whetherphysical or virtual), organizational units, and the activities for review. Once the scope, processes, methods, and team composition hadbeen defined, the certification body provided the audit team leader with extensive information, including the audit objectives anddocumented details on the scope, processes, methods, and team compositions.
Additionally, the certification body shared contact details of the auditee, including locations, time frames, and the duration of the auditactivities to be conducted. The team leader also received information needed for evaluating and addressing identified risks andopportunities for the achievement of the audit objectives.
Before starting the audit, Robert wrote an engagement letter, introducing himself to Aizoia and outlining plans for scheduling initialcontact. The initial contact aimed to confirm thecommunication channels, establish the audit team’s authority to conduct the audit, andsummarize the audit’s key aspects, such as objectives, scope, criteria, methods, and team composition. During this first meeting, Robertemphasized the need for access to essential information that would help to conduct the audit.
Moreover, audit logistics, such as scheduling, access, health and safety arrangements, observer attendance, and the need for guides orinterpreters, were thoroughly planned. The meeting also addressed areas of interest or concern, preemptively resolving potential issuesand finalizing any matters related to the audit team composition.
As the audit progressed, Robert recognized the complexity of Aizoia’s operations, leading him to conclude that a review of its Al-relateddata governance practices was essential for compliance with ISO/IEC 42001. He discussed this need with Aizoia’s management,proposing an expanded audit scope. After careful consideration, they agreed to conduct a thorough review of the Al data governancepractices, but there was no mutual decision to officially change the audit scope. Consequently. Robert decided to proceed with the auditbased on the original scope, adhering to the initial audit plan, and documented the conversation and decision accordingly.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Question:
Based on Scenario 5, did the certification body take the necessary steps to assure the overall competence of the audit team?

NO.98 Question:
Which of the following statements regarding the organization’s requirement to address risks and opportunities based on ISO/IEC 42001 is correct?

NO.99 Scenario 8 (continued):
Scenario 8:
Scenario 8: InnovateSoft, headquartered in Berlin, Germany, is a software development company known for its innovative solutions andcommitment to excellence. It specializes in custom software solutions, development, design, testing, maintenance, and consulting,covering both mobile apps and web development.
Recently, the company underwent an audit to evaluate the effectiveness and compliance of its artificial intelligence management system AIMS against ISO/IEC 42001.
The audit team engaged with the auditee to discuss their findings and observations during the audit’s final phases. After evaluating theevidence, the audit team presented their audit findings to InnovateSoft, highlighting the identified nonconformities.
Upon receiving the audit findings, InnovateSoft accepted the conclusions but expressed concerns about some findings inaccuratelyreflecting the efficiency of their software development processes. In response, the company provided new evidence and additionalinformation to alter the audit conclusions for a couple of minor nonconformities identified. After thorough consideration, the audit teamleader clarified that the new evidence did not significantly alter the core conclusions drawn for the nonconformities. Therefore, thecertification body issued a certification recommendation conditional upon the filing of corrective action plans without a prior visit.
InnovateSoft accepted the decision of the certification body. The top management of the company also sought suggestions from theaudit team on resolving the identified nonconformities. The audit team leader offered solutions to address the issues, fostering acollaborative effort between the auditors and InnovateSoft.During the closing meeting, the audit team covered key topics to enhance transparency. They clarified to InnovateSoft that the auditevidence was based on a sample, acknowledging the inherent uncertainty. The method and time frame of reporting and grading findingswere discussed to provide a structured overview of nonconformities. The certification body’s process for handling nonconformities,including potential consequences, guided InnovateSoft on corrective actions. The time frame for presenting a plan for correction was communicated, emphasizing urgency. Insights into the certification body’s post-audit activities were provided, ensuring ongoing support.
Lastly, the audit team briefed InnovateSoft on complaint and appeal handling.
InnovateSoft submitted the action plans for each nonconformity separately, describing only the detected issues and the correctiveactions planned to address the detected nonconformities. However, the submission slightly exceeded the specified period of 45 days setby the certification body, arriving three days later.
InnovateSoft explained this by attributing the delay to unexpected challengesencountered during the compilation of the action plans.
InnovateSoft submitted corrective action plans for nonconformities three days past the certification body’s deadline of 45 days.
Question:
Based on Scenario 8, is InnovateSoft eligible for certification?

NO.100 Scenario 4: Finalogic leads the application of artificial intelligence in the financial services sector, which is used to improve risk assessment, fraud detection, and customer service. The company has implemented an artificial intelligence management system (AIMS) based on ISO/IEC 42001 to ensure operational quality, ethical AI use, regulatory compliance, and transparency, allowing for consistent oversight and structured governance.
This month, Finalogic is undergoing an audit to obtain certification against ISO/IEC 42001, a critical step in demonstrating its commitment to responsible AI. To evaluate Finalogic’s conformity to the audit criteria, the audit team adopted a comprehensive, evidence-based approach. The gathered evidence ranged from analyses of unquantifiable information to analyses of samples related to determining the audit criteria-including internal reports generated by Finalogic’s own AI system-which assert successful integration and compliance with the standard.
Additionally, presentations by the company’s AI team during the audit highlighted the system’s success in customer service enhancements and fraud detection, emphasizing improved efficiency, decision-making accuracy, and user trust. An evaluation report prepared by an independent third-party firm specializing in AI systems also provided an objective review of Finalogic’s AIMS. It assessed the system’s effectiveness, bias, and compliance through a thorough examination.
During the audit, the audit team applied the same level of effort and utilized the same techniques across all audit areas, regardless of their risk level. This strategy ensured a consistent and thorough evaluation of the AIMS, uncovering any latent weaknesses or inefficiencies that might otherwise go unnoticed.
Despite Finalogic’s advanced AIMS and adherence to ISO/IEC 42001 for ethical AI practices, there remains a risk of AI algorithms inadvertently perpetuating bias or making inaccurate predictions due to unforeseen flaws in training data or algorithmic models. This could lead to unfair loan rejections or approvals, potentially causing financial losses or damaging the company’s reputation for fairness and accuracy in its financial services. By acknowledging these risks, Finalogic remains committed to refining its AI governance, implementing bias mitigation strategies, and enhancing transparency to uphold its reputation as a leader in AI- driven financial services.
What type of audit is Finalogic undergoing?

NO.101 During a combined audit, if an auditor identifies a finding linked to one criterion, should they consider its potential impact on corresponding or related criteria of other management systems?

NO.102 A retail company wants to implement a system that can predict customer buying behavior based on their browsing history and past purchases. Which AI concept would be most suitable for developing this predictive system?

NO.103 Question:
Which of the following examples depicts frequent analysis?

NO.104 Which requirement of Clause 7 (Support) of ISO/IEC 42001 did OptiFlow NOT implement? Refer to Scenario 2.
Scenario 2: OptiFlow is a logistics company located in New Delhi, India. The company has enhanced its operational efficiency and customer service by integrating AI across various domains, including route optimization, inventory management, and customer support. Recognizing the importance of AI in its operations, OptiFlow decided to implement an Artificial Intelligence Management System (AIMS) based on ISO/IEC 42001 to oversee and optimize the use of AI technologies.
To address Clauses 4.1 and 4.2 of the standard, OptiFlow identified and analyzed internal and external issues and needs and expectations of interested parties. During this phase, it identified specific risks and opportunities related to AI deployment, considering the system’s domain, application context, intended use, and internal and external environments. Central to this initiative was the establishment and maintenance of AI risk criteria, a foundational step that facilitated comprehensive AI risk assessments, effective risk treatment strategies, and precise evaluations of risk impacts. This implementation aimed to meet AIMS’s objectives, minimize adverse effects, and promote continuous improvement. OptiFlow also planned and integrated strategies to address risks and opportunities into AIMS’s processes and assessed their effectiveness.
OptiFlow set measurable AI objectives aligned with its AI policy across all organizational levels, ensuring they met applicable requirements and matched the company’s vision. The company placed strong emphasis on the monitoring and communication of these objectives, ensuring they were updated annually or as needed to reflect changes in technology, market demands, or internal processes. It also documented the objectives, making them accessible across the company.
To guarantee a structured and consistent AI risk assessment process, OptiFlow emphasized alignment with its AI policy and objectives. The process included ensuring consistency and comparability, identifying, analyzing, and evaluating AI risks.
OptiFlow prioritizes its AIMS by allocating the necessary resources for its comprehensive development and continuous enhancement. The company carefully defines the competencies needed for personnel affecting AI performance, ensuring a high level of expertise and innovation.
OptiFlow also manages effective internal and external communications about its AIMS, aligning with ISO
/IEC 42001 requirements by maintaining and controlling all required documented information. This documentation is meticulously identified, described, and updated to ensure its relevance and accessibility.
Through these strategic efforts, OptiFlow upholds a commitment to excellence and leadership in AI management practices.
To comply with Clause 9 of ISO/IEC 42001, the company determined what needs to be monitored and measured in the AIMS. It planned, established, implemented, and maintained an audit program, reviewed the AIMS at planned intervals, documented review results, and initiated a continuous feedback mechanism from all interested parties to identify areas of improvement and innovation within the AIMS

NO.105 Question:
What does sampling error refer to in the context of the audit?

NO.106 Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Which activity conducted during the stage 2 audit does not follow best practices?

NO.107 A financial institution uses an AI system to approve loan applications. Recently, there have been complaints that the system disproportionately denies loans to applicants from certain minority groups.
Which core element should the institution prioritize to address these complaints?

NO.108 Question:
What is a significant drawback of using judgment-based sampling in audits?

NO.109 Scenario 3: Heala specializes in developing AI-driven solutions for the healthcare sector. With a keen focus on leveraging AI to revolutionize patient care, diagnostics, and treatment planning, the company has implemented an Artificial Intelligence Management System (AIMS) based on ISO/IEC 42001. After a year of having the AIMS in place, the company decided to apply for a certification audit.
It contracted a local certification body, who established the audit team and assigned the audit team leader.
Augustine, the designated audit team leader, has a wide range of skills relevant to various auditing domains.
His proficiency encompasses audit principles, processes, and methods, as well as standards for management systems and additional references. Furthermore, he is knowledgeable about Heala’s context and relevant statutory and regulatory requirements.
Augustine first gathered management review records, interested party feedback logs, and revision histories for Heala’s AIMS. This crucial step laid the groundwork for a deeper investigation, which included conducting comprehensive interviews with key personnel to understand how feedback from interested parties directly influenced updates to the AIMS and its strategic direction. Augustine’s thorough evaluation process aimed to verify Heala’s commitment to integrating the needs and expectations of interested parties, a critical requirement of ISO/IEC 42001.
Augustine also integrated a sophisticated AI tool to analyze large datasets for patterns and anomalies, and thus have a more informed and data-driven audit process. This AI solution, known for its ability to sift through vast amounts of data with unparalleled speed and accuracy, enabled Augustine to identify irregularities and trends that would have been nearly impossible to detect through manual methods. The tool was also helpful in preparing hypotheses based on data.
During the audit, Augustine failed to fully consider Heala’s critical processes, expectations, the complexity of audit tasks, and necessary resources beforehand. This oversight compromised the audit’s integrity and reliability, reflecting a significant deviation from the diligence and informed judgment expected of auditors.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Did Augustine possess the knowledge and skills required to be appointed as an audit team leader?

NO.110 Which among the following core concepts of Artificial Intelligence uses artificial neural networks inspired by the human brain to process complex data like images, text, and speech?