[Aug-2024] 100% Guarantee Download CISM Exam Dumps PDF Q&A [Q142-Q156]

Explanation
A post-incident review (PIR) is the process of evaluating the effectiveness of the incident response after the incident has been resolved. A PIR aims to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the response process, the root causes and impacts of the incident, the lessons learned and best practices, and the recommendations and action plans for improvement1. A PIR can help an organization enhance its incident response capabilities, reduce the likelihood and severity of future incidents, and increase its resilience and maturity2.
A PIR is the best process to support the evaluation of incident response effectiveness, because it provides a systematic and comprehensive way to assess the performance and outcomes of the response process, and to identify and implement the necessary changes and improvements. A PIR involves collecting and analyzing relevant data and feedback from various sources, such as incident logs, reports, evidence, metrics, surveys, interviews, and observations. A PIR also involves comparing the actual response with the expected or planned response, and measuring the achievement of the response objectives and the satisfaction of the stakeholders3.
A PIR also involves documenting and communicating the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the evaluation, and ensuring that they are followed up and implemented.
The other options are not as good as a PIR in supporting the evaluation of incident response effectiveness, because they are either more specific, limited, or dependent on a PIR. A root cause analysis (RCA) is a technique to identify the underlying factors or reasons that caused the incident, and to prevent or mitigate their recurrence. An RCA can help an organization understand the nature and origin of the incident, and to address the problem at its source, rather than its symptoms. However, an RCA is not sufficient to evaluate the effectiveness of the response process, because it does not cover other aspects, such as the response performance, outcomes, impacts, lessons, and best practices. An RCA is usually a part of a PIR, rather than a separate process. A chain of custody (CoC) is a process of maintaining and documenting the integrity and security of the evidence collected during the incident response. A CoC can help an organization ensure that the evidence is reliable, authentic, and admissible in legal or regulatory proceedings. However, a CoC is not a process to evaluate the effectiveness of the response process, but rather a requirement or a standard to follow during the response process. A CoC does not provide any feedback or analysis on the response performance, outcomes, impacts, lessons, or best practices. An incident logging is a process of recording and tracking the details and activities of the incident response. An incident logging can help an organization monitor and manage the response process, and to provide an audit trail and a source of information for the evaluation.
However, an incident logging is not a process to evaluate the effectiveness of the response process, but rather an input or a tool for the evaluation. An incident logging does not provide any assessment or measurement on the response performance, outcomes, impacts, lessons, or best practices. References = 1: CISM Review Manual 15th Edition, Chapter 5, Section 5.5 2: Post-Incident Review: A Guide to Effective Incident Response 3: Post-Incident Review: A Guide to Effective Incident Response : CISM Review Manual 15th Edition, Chapter 5, Section 5.5 : CISM Review Manual 15th Edition, Chapter 5, Section 5.5 : CISM Review Manual 15th Edition, Chapter 5, Section 5.4 : CISM Review Manual 15th Edition, Chapter 5, Section 5.3

If data centers are operating at or near capacity, it may prove difficult to recover critical operations at an alternate data center. Although line capacity is important from a mirroring perspective, this is secondary to having the necessary capacity to restore critical systems. By comparison, differences in logical and physical security and synchronization of system software releases are much easier issues to overcome and are, therefore, of less concern.

Explanation
If malicious code is not immediately detected, it will most likely be backed up as a part of the normal tape backup process. When later discovered, the code may be eradicated from the device but still remain undetected ON a backup tape. Any subsequent restores using that tape may reintroduce the malicious code. Applying patches, changing access rules and upgrading hardware does not significantly increase the level of difficulty.

Explanation
The primary objective of a business impact analysis (BIA) is to determine recovery priorities. The BIA is used to identify and analyze the potential effects of an incident on the organization, including the financial impact, operational impact, and reputational impact. The BIA also helps to identify critical resources and processes, determine recovery objectives and strategies, and develop recovery plans. Reference: Certified Information Security Manager (CISM) Study Manual, Chapter 4, Business Impact Analysis.

Section: INFORMATION RISK MANAGEMENT
Explanation:
The goal of a risk management program is to ensure that residual risk remains within manageable levels.
Management of risk does not always require the removal of inherent risk nor is this always possible. A possible benefit of good risk management is to reduce insurance premiums, but this is not its primary intention.
Effective controls are naturally a clear objective of a risk management program, but with the choices given, choice C is an incomplete answer.

Section: INFORMATION SECURITY GOVERNANCE
Explanation:
Governance is directly tied to the strategy and direction of the business. Technology constraints, regulatory requirements and litigation potential are all important factors, but they are necessarily in line with the business strategy.

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Routine administration of all aspects of security is delegated, but top management must retain overall responsibility. The security officer supports and implements information security for senior management.
The end user does not perform categorization. The custodian supports and implements information security measures as directed.

“Slack space” is the unused space between where the fdc data end and the end of the cluster the data occupy. Login information is not typically stored in the slack space. Encryption for the slack space is no different from the rest of the file system. The slack space is not a viable means of storage during an investigation.

Security-related KRIs are metrics that measure the effectiveness of the information security profile in achieving the business objectives and managing the risks. Reviewing security-related KRIs can help to determine if the information security profile is aligned with business requirements, as they reflect the security performance and outcomes that are relevant for the business. Reviewing other options, such as KPIs, CSAs, or audits, may provide some insights into the security status, but they are not the best way to assess the alignment with business requirements, as they may not capture the business context and goals adequately. Reference:
https://www.nist.gov/cyberframework/examples-framework-profiles
https://www.isaca.org/resources/isaca-journal/issues/2019/volume-5/accountability-for-information-security-roles-and-responsibilities-part-1
https://www.isaca.org/resources/isaca-journal/issues/2017/volume-4/enterprise-security-architecturea-top-down-approach